28 Dec Pharmacology Quiz 1

NUR2407 Pharmacology

Pharmacology Quiz 1

• Question 1 A client is using a prn scopolamine patch for motion sickness. Knowing that the medication has anticholinergic side effects, the client should be taught to anticipate which side effects? (Select all that apply!)

Answers:

Urine retention

Blurred vision

Dry mouth

Diarrhea

Wheezes

• Question 2 The nurse is reviewing medication information with a nursing student prior to administering an oral drug and notes that the drug has extensive first-pass effects. Which statement by the student indicates a need for further teaching about this medication?

Answers: “The first-pass effect means the drug may be unchanged as it passes through the liver.”

“The first-pass effect means the drug may be changed to a metabolite, which may be more active than the original.”

“The first-pass effect means the drug may be changed to an inactive form and excreted.”

“The first-pass effect means the drug may be absorbed into systemic circulation from the intestinal lumen.”

• Question 3 The nurse is preparing to administer a medication and reviews the patient’s chart for drug allergies, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. The nurse’s actions are reflective of which phase of the nursing process?

Answers: Evaluation

Assessment

Planning

Implementation

• Question 4 The provider is considering starting a diabetic client on valproic acid (Depakote) for nerve pain this week. During the health history, the patient tells the nurse, “I drink a six pack of beer daily and two to three six packs on weekends.” What would be the priority nursing action?

Answers: Obtain a lab order to assess his current level of valproic acid.

Tell the client his alcoholism is causing his nerve pain, so medicine won’t help.

Seek an order for liver function labs to see if Depakote would be safe for him

Reassure the client that beer and Depakote are compatible

• Question 5 The nurse is teaching a patient who will be discharged home with a prescription for an enteric-coated tablet. Which statement by the patient indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Answers:

“I should expect a delay in the onset of the drug’s effects after taking the tablet.”

“I should consume acidic foods to enhance absorption of this medication.”

“I should take this medication with high-fat foods to improve its action.”

“I may crush the tablet and put it in applesauce to improve absorption.”

• Question 6 How would a nurse explain the way pilocarpine (Salagen), a cholinergic, would resolve dry mouth symptoms?

Answers: It stimulates salivation by blocking nicotinic receptors

It stimulates salivation by stimulating muscarinic receptors

It stimulates salivation by stimulating alpha receptors in the brain

It stimulates salivation by redirecting fluid from the optic nerve

• Question 7 The nurse is preparing to administer a drug that is ordered to be given twice daily. The nurse reviews the medication information and learns that the drug has a half-life of 24 hours. What will the nurse do nex

Answers: Discuss every-other-day dosing with the provider

Contact the provider to discuss daily dosing

Administer the medication as ordered

Hold the medication

• Question 8 A patient presents to the clinical with complaints of daytime sleepiness, fatigue, and hallucinations. With a diagnosis of narcolepsy, which medications would the nurse expect to be prescribed?

Answers:

methylphenidate or modafinil

Remelteon or zolpidem tratrate

alprazolam or valproic acid

flumazenil or naloxone

• Question 9 Which law govern all drug administration by nurses?

Answers: Drug Regulation and Reform Act

Nurse Practice Act

The Controlled Substances Act

FDA Amendments Act

• Question 10 Which condition would the nurse expect to see the therapeutic use of caffeine citrate (CNS stimulant)?

Answers: Adult attention-deficit disorder (ADD)

Reversal agent for respiratory depression in the elderly

Disruption of the wake-sleep cycle in an adolescent.

Neonatal apnea

• Question 11 During a clinical drug trial for a new medication, researchers note a previously unknown serious adverse effect occurring in more than 50% of subjects. The study is discontinued. Which ethical principle is being exercised?

Answers: Respect for persons

Justice

Veracity

Beneficence

• Question 12 An older patient must learn to administer a medication using a device that requires manual dexterity. The patient becomes frustrated and expresses a lack of self-confidence in performing this task. Which action will the nurse perform next?

Answers:

Schedule multiple sessions and practice each step separately.

Provide written instructions with illustrations showing each step of the skill.

Ask the patient to keep trying until the skill is learned.

Teach the procedure to family members who can administer the medication for the patient.

• Question 13 The nurse is assessing a client who has requested an adrenergic drug for dyspnea. Which sign would make the nurse hesitate to give the medication?

Answers: Pulse oximetry saturation of 88%

Blood pressure of 130/86

Respiratory rate of 28

Irregular heart rate of 122

• Question 14 The nurse administers subcutaneous epinephrine to a patient who is experiencing an anaphylactic reaction. The nurse should expect to monitor the patient for which symptom?

Answers: Nausea and vomiting

Hypotension

Bradycardia

Decreased urine output

• Question 15 A nurse is caring for a client being treated with Minipress (prazosin), an alpha blocker. What counseling should the client receive?

Answers:

Rise slowly from lying to standing to avoid dizziness and a possible fall.

Void before taking the medication to avoid urine retention

Take a daily laxative to avoid constipation

Avoid drinking more than 600 mLs of fluid per day while taking this medication

• Question 16 A 68 year old male has a history of seizures and has been taking phenytoin (Dilantin) for years. His last seizure occurred 2 years ago, so he has decided that he no longer needs the medication. What would be the best action of the nurse? (Select all that apply.)

Answers: Recommend that he start cutting his pills in half, and see how it goes

Affirm his plan to stop taking it, but tell him to restart it if tremors occur

Recommend that he develop a withdrawal plan with his prescriber

Educate the client that suddenly stopping the drug could precipitate seizures.

Tell the client that once a medication for seizures is started it can never be stopped.

• Question 17 A nurse is caring for a patient who has been taking phenytoin (Dilantin) for 6 weeks. Upon review of the laboratory results, the nurse notes that the patient’s phenytoin level is 26 mcg/mL. What is the nurse’s best action? Answers:

This drug level is too high; the nurse should contact the prescriber about reducing the dose.

Suspect that another drug is preventing Phenytoin metabolism, and hold the causative medication.

This drug level is in the therapeutic range, so the nurse can give the medicine as ordered.

The nurse should contact the prescriber to suggest a dose increase.

• Question 18 The nurse is preparing to administer a tablet to a preschool-age child. The child’s parent reports always crushing the tablet and mixing it with pudding when giving it at home. What is the nurse’s next action?

Answers: Request a liquid form of the medication from the pharmacy.

Ask the pharmacist if the drug may be crushed.

Crush the tablet and mix it with pudding.

Insist that the tablet must be given as ordered.

• Question 19 For which client would a beta adrenergic blocker like Atenolol be prescribed?

Answers: A client with urinary retention

A client who suffers from diarrhea

A hypertensive client with a heart rate of 104

A client who suffers from asthma

• Question 20 The nurse is caring for a patient who has asthma. The provider has ordered an albuterol metered-dose inhaler (MDI), 2 puffs q4 to 6h PRN wheezing. The patient’s last dose was 4 hours ago. What is the nurse’s next action?

Answers:

Auscultate the patient’s lung sounds.

Administer 2 puffs of albuterol with the MDI.

Give the medication and evaluate its effectiveness.

Give the albuterol if the patient reports wheezing.