15 Jan A patient wants to know th

Question 1

A patient has a heart attack that leads to progressive cell injury that causes cell death with severe cell swelling and breakdown of organelles. What term would the nurse use to define this process?

Question 2

What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her features include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and sparse body hair.

Question 3

Sodium and water accumulation in an injured cell are a direct result of:

Question 4

A patient who has diarrhea receives a hypertonic saline solution intravenously to replace the sodium and chloride lost in the stool. What effect will this fluid replacement have on cells?

Question 5

An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying degrees of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the aide?

Question 6

A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would reveal which of the following?

Question 7

What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging from diseases?

Question 8

A group of prison inmates developed tuberculosis following exposure to an infected inmate. On examination, tissues were soft and granular (like clumped cheese). Which of the following is the most likely cause?

Question 9

Which of the following disorders is manifested primarily in males?

Question 10

A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the nurse looking for?

Question 11

The ion transporter that moves Na+ and Ca2+ simultaneously in the same direction is an example of which of the following types of transport?

Question 12

When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond? Cystic fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene.

Question 13

In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include regarding cholesterol?

Question 14

A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of the genetic information be contained?

Question 15

A nurse is discussing the movement of fluid across the arterial end of capillary membranes into the interstitial fluid surrounding the capillary. Which process of fluid movement is the nurse describing?

Question 16

The early dilation (swelling) of the cell’s endoplasmic reticulum results in:

Question 17

A 15-year-old female is diagnosed with Prader-Willi syndrome. This condition is an example of:

Question 18

During childhood, the thymus decreases in size, and this is referred to as _____ atrophy.

Question 19

A 55-year-old male with a 30-year history of smoking is examined for respiratory disturbance. Examination of his airway (bronchial) reveals that stratified squamous epithelial cells have replaced the normal columnar ciliated cells. This type of cellular adaptation is called:

Question 20

A nurse is teaching a patient with diabetes how glucose is transported from the blood to the cell. What type of transport system should the nurse discuss with the patient?

Question 21

A newborn male is diagnosed with albinism based on skin, eye, and hair appearance. Which finding will support this diagnosis?

Question 22

After a geneticist talks to the patient about being a chromosomal mosaic, the patient asks the nurse what that means. How should the nurse respond? You may _____ genetic disease(s).

Question 23

A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the nurse’s best response?

Question 24

A nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic pressure. The nurse recalls that oncotic