30 Jan B. Anal intercourse

A client diagnosed with human immune deficiency virus is concerned about getting opportunistic infections and asks the nurse how to prevent them. Which interventions does the nurse recommend to the client?

Select one:

A. Wash dishes in cool water.

B. Bathe daily using an antimicrobial soap.

C. Eat salad at least once a day.

D. Clean toothbrushes once a week.

A client is receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching by the nurse?

Select one:

A. “With this treatment, I probably cannot spread this virus to others.”

B. “This treatment does not kill the virus.”

C. “Research has shown the effectiveness of this therapy if I do not forget to take any doses.”

D. “This medication prevents the virus from replicating in my body.”

A client who is human immune deficiency virus (HIV) positive and has a CD4+ count of 15 has just been admitted with a fever and abdominal pain. Which health care provider request does the nurse implement first?

Select one:

A. Call for a portable chest x-ray.

B. Give cefazolin (Kefzol) 500 mg IV.

C. Obtain blood cultures from two sites.

D. Obtain a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG).

A client with an acquired immune deficiency is seen in the clinic for re-evaluation of the immune system’s response to prescribed medication. Which test result does the nurse convey to the health care provider?

Select one:

A. Positive Papanicolaou (Pap) test

B. Therapeutic highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) level

C. Positive human immune deficiency virus (HIV), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot

D. Improved CD4+ T-cell count and reduced viral load

In planning care for a client with an acquired secondary immune deficiency with Candida albicans, which problem has the highestpriority?

Select one:

A. Potential for infection transmission related to recurring opportunistic infections

B. Loss of social contact related to misunderstanding of transmission of acquired secondary immune deficiency and the social stigma

C. Mouth sores related to Candida albicans secondary to acquired secondary immune deficiency

D. High risk for inadequate nutrition related to acquired secondary immune deficiency and Candida albicans

The nurse is assigned to care for four clients. Which client does the nurse assess first?

Select one:

A. Client with a history of liver transplantation who is currently taking cyclosporine (Sandimmune) and has an elevated temperature

B. Client with human immune deficiency virus (HIV) and Kaposi’s sarcoma who has increased swelling of a sarcoma lesion on the right arm

C. Client who has been admitted to receive a monthly dose of serum immune globulin to treat Bruton’sagammaglobulinemia

D. Client who has been receiving radiation to the abdomen and has a decreased total lymphocyte count

The nurse is instructing an unlicensed health care worker on the care of a client with human immune deficiency virus (HIV) who also has active genital herpes. Which statement by the health care worker indicates effective teaching of Standard Precautions?

Select one:

A. “Washing my hands and putting on a gown and gloves is what I must do before starting care.”

B. “I will wash my hands before going into the room, and then will put on a gown and gloves only for direct contact with the client’s genitals.”

C. “I need to know my HIV status, so I must get tested before caring for any clients.”

D. “Putting on a gown and gloves will cover up the itchy sores on my elbows.”

The nurse presents a seminar on human immune deficiency virus (HIV) testing to a group of seniors and their caregivers in an assisted-living facility. Which responses fit the recommendations of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention regarding HIV testing? (Select all that apply.)

Select one or more:

A. “I used to smoke marijuana 30 years ago, but I have not done any drugs since that time.”

B. “At 68, I am going to get married for the fourth time.”

C. “Seven years ago, I was released from a penitentiary.”

D. “I am 78 years old, and I was treated and cured of syphilis many years ago.”

E. “In 1986, I received a transfusion of platelets.”

Which factors are possible transmission routes for human immune deficiency virus (HIV)? (Select all that apply.)

Select one or more:

A. Toileting facilities

B. Anal intercourse

C. Breast-feeding

D. Mosquito bites

E. Oral sex

Which interventions does the home health nurse teach to family members to reduce confusion in a client diagnosed with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)–related dementia? (Select all that apply.)

Select one or more:

A. Mark off the days of the calendar, leaving open the current date.

B. Ask the client what time he or she prefers to shower or bathe.

C. Write out detailed instructions, and have the client read them over before performing a task.

D. Change the decorations in the home according to the season.

E. Put the bed close to the window.