30 Jan helping teens understand

PSYC290 Lifespan Development

Week 4 Quiz

Question 1

(TCOs 7 and 9) During a growth spurt, which is (are) likely to grow first?

The torso

Arms and legs

Hands and feet

The brain

Question 2

(TCOs 7 and 9) Which hormone is responsible for changes at puberty, particularly the development of the secondary sex characteristics in girls?

Adrenal androgen

Thyroxine

Testosterone

Estrogen

Question 3

(TCOs 7 and 9) According to current research, which of the following accounts for the secular trend in development worldwide?

Better sex education

Declines in teen sexual behavior

Improvements in nutrition and healthcare

Lack of proper prenatal care

Question 4

(TCOs 7 and 9) Which of the following groups is more likely to have a negative body image, get into trouble at school and with peers, and engage in delinquent behavior?

Late-maturing boys

Early maturing boys

Late-maturing girls

Early maturing girls

Question 5

(TCOs 7 and 9) Which of the following statements about adolescent sexual activity is correct?

Less than one third of sexually active children report using condoms in their most recent sexual activity.

Of the students using contraception, more use the birth control pill than use condoms.

Teens who are involved in sports or after-school activities have lower rates of sexual activity than teens who do not participate in such activities.

Among girls, those who are sexually active are less likely to have had early menarche.

Question 6

(TCOs 7 and 9) Which of the following statements best summarizes the research as to the causes of homosexuality?

The majority of teens who identify as homosexual report having been sexually abused as children.

More and more research indicates that genetics plays a strong role in the development of sexual orientation.

The research does not clearly point to either genetics or environment but rather indicates that sexual orientation is a result of both genetic and environmental factors.

The research clearly indicates that homosexual behaviors are a matter of choice.

Question 7

(TCOs 7 and 9) Which of the following may create a developmental pathway for adolescent depression?

Growing up with a depressed parent

Growing up in a religion that emphasizes traditional gender roles

Growing up in a low socioeconomic status family

Having many siblings

Question 8

(TCOs 7 and 9) Fourteen-year-old Muhammed won a contest sponsored by the local newspaper to celebrate a championship basketball game. The object of the contest was to determine how many words could be made from the word score. Which newly developed ability of formal operational thought would have been most helpful to Muhammed?

The ability to reason about objects or situations not previously seen or experienced

The ability to search systematically and methodologically for the solutions to a problem

The ability to use ethical principles for decision making

The ability to start with a theory and a prediction and arrive at a conclusion

Question 9

(TCOs 7 and 9) Charlene has achieved formal operational thought and is about to attempt Piaget’s pendulum task. What can she do that she was unable to do when she was still in the concrete operations stage?

Formulate an approach to the task

Try out varying combinations of height, weight, force, and length

Measure the length of the string, the height of the pendulum, and the weight of the object

Evaluate the effects of multiple factors in systematic, methodical fashion

Question 10

(TCOs 7 and 9) If Marla wants to be the best clarinet player in the band, she is motivated by which type of goal?

Ability

Extrinsic

Inductive

Task

Question 11

(TCOs 7 and 9) According to Erikson, why do teenagers identify with peer groups?

To have opportunities to develop intimate relationships and find mates

To foster creativity and variety in appearance, activities, and interests

To have a secure base as they begin the identity development process

To consolidate efforts and resources as they begin to move into adult roles

Question 12

(TCOs 7 and 9) Lionel thinks he wants to be a fireman, but he is not sure. He is working with his high school career counselor to get information about careers and college majors before he makes a decision. According to Marcia, Lionel is in which stage of identity development?

Achievement

Foreclosure

Moratorium

Diffusion

Question 13

(TCOs 7 and 9) Which of the following factors is credited with more positive outcomes for working high school students?

Positive evaluations from the employer

Working only 20 hours per week or less

Complex jobs that offer opportunities to acquire valuable job skill

Parental approval and emotional support

Question 14

(TCOs 7 and 9) Mac is noted for baking the best cheesecake in town and is also the person everyone calls when their car won’t start. Mac can comfort a crying child and fix a flat tire with equal competence. Mac’s gender role identity is most likely

transsexual.

undifferentiated.

indeterminate.

androgynous

Question 15

(TCOs 7 and 9) The point at which an adolescent minority individual becomes aware of how she is perceived by the majority culture is part of which stage of Phinney’s theory of ethnic identity?

Ethnic identity search

Unexamined ethnic identity

Ethnic identity clarification

Ethnic identity achievement

Question 16

(TCOs 7 and 9) Mr. Smith pays his income taxes and obeys the posted speed limits because “that is the law,” he says. Mr. Smith is most likely reasoning at which stage of moral development?

Punishment and obedience orientation

Preconventional morality

Postconventional morality

Social system and conscience

Question 17

(TCOs 7 and 9) Which of the following statements about Kohlberg’s theory of moral reasoning is correct?

Among nonindustrialized or agricultural societies, the most frequently displayed form of moral reasoning is the universal ethical principles orientation.

Most researchers disagree that the stages of moral reasoning occur in the sequence Kohlberg proposed.

Researchers find that in all cultures, older children engage in higher stages of moral reasoning than younger children.

Conventional reasoning dominates in elementary school, and among adults, postconventional reasoning is common.

Question 18

(TCOs 7 and 9) If you believe that there are distinct differences in the way that boys and girls perceive moral dilemmas, which theorist would you most likely support?

Lawrence Kohlberg

Carol Gilligan

Samuel Elkind

Nancy Eisenberg

Question 19

(TCOs 7 and 9) How do peer group pressures affect adolescents?

The typical pattern of peer pressure is to encourage misconduct or negative activities.

Adolescents are most likely to choose a peer group that shares their values, attitudes, behavior, and identity status.

Until their identity is developed, adolescents will be unable to withstand peer pressure to explore attitudes or behaviors that are inconsistent with their basic values and beliefs.

The need to conform to the group increases during adolescence and peaks by age 18 or 19.

Question 20

(TCOs 7 and 9) The identity prototypes that are associated with reputation-based peer groups most likely serve the developmental purpose of

helping teens understand their potential roles as adults.

maintaining order and discipline among groups in the educational setting.

clarifying appropriate targets for social and romantic interests.

helping to create or reinforce adolescents’ sense of identity.

Question 21

(TCOs 7 and 9) Describe adolescent romantic relationships. By what age do teens have a sense of what it means to be in love? What are some gender differences in these perceptions?