04 Feb shown on a scatterplot

Question 1 Which of the following is true about correlational analyses? All of the data should come from a single population Data must be measured at the ratio level for these analyses to be valid The range of values should be truncated or shortened in order for these statistical procedures to work Data from groups that are different in some way are preferred in these analyses Question 2 The most common purpose for a Pearson’s correlation is to examine: Relationships between two variables Relationships among groups Differences between variables Differences between two or more groups Question 3 A correlation coefficient of 0.40 could be considered: Moderate Zero Weak Strong Question 4 A square correlation table or matrix presenting Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficients is presented in a research article. Only the upper right triangle of the table is filled in. Is this a problem for the reader? No, the upper right triangle of the table is a mirror image of the lower left triangle Yes, the reader has no way of knowing what the relationships are Yes, it is very hard to read a table that is only half complete Yes, valuable data is missing Question 5 Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficients are represented in printouts and articles by which of the following letters? r F R x Question 6 Below is a correlation matrix for four variables (A, B, C, D). Which value in the matrix indicates the strongest relationship A B C D A B .62 C -.59 .45 D -.65 .52 -.27 Question 7 What would a scatter plot look like for a perfect positive relationship? A diagonal line from lower left to upper right A diagonal line from upper left to lower right A straight line near the mean of variable 1 A straight line near the mean of variable 2 Question 8 Scatterplots are often used to display data in relationship studies. Which of the following is true? Scatterplots can identify curvilinear relationships Scatterplots are only useful in identifying linear relationships More than two variables can be easily shown on a scatterplot Differences in data from two different populations would not show up on a scatterplot Question 9 Match the following statistical tests with the level of measurement or other requirement required for each analysis. Pearson r Spearman ‘s Rank Order (rho) Kendall’s Tau Chi Square Question 10 Match the purpose of the study with the appropriate research design below. “The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of two factors- self-efficacy and social support, to self management in individuals with epilepsy”. Correlational research Descriptive research Case control design retrospective study Prospective research Question 11 What is a central feature of non-experimental research? The researcher does not manipulate the independent variable The researcher manipulates the dependent variable. Data are collected through the observation of participants’ behaviors. The strength lies in their ability to elucidate cause-and-effect relationships. Question 12 The _______ hypothesis states that the means of the groups are ______ Null; equal Null; not equal Research; equal Alternative; equal Question 13 A Type I error occurs when: The results indicate a statistically significant difference, when in reality, there is no significant difference The results are not statistically significant The wrong statistical procedures are used The data were not measure at the interval level Question 14 What is the best way to decrease the chance of a Type II error? Increase sample size Increase level of measurement of variable Lowering effect size Increase significance level (alpha) Question 15 A Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is Rejected and the null hypothesis is true Accepted and the null hypothesis is false Accepted and the null hypothesis is actually true Rejected and the null hypothesis is not true

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