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Question 1 3 / 3 pts (TCO 5) Because they were often at war, ambitious European monarchs desperately needed revenues. Some of them started calling assemblies of notables to levy taxes. In return for their “power of the purse,” these assemblies received a modest input into royal policies. Such were the beginnings of the _____. American Congress French Estates General British Parliament Swedish Riksdag Question 2 3 / 3 pts (TCO 5) Countries with limits on government have usually had feudal pasts, which suggests what about the dispersion of power? Equal distribution of power is the only effective political structure. Power must be distributed by the working class. Power should be concentrated among the lower classes. Dispersion of power is good and concentration of power is bad. Question 3 3 / 3 pts (TCO 5) In Europe, a cabinet is equivalent to a U.S. _____. administration Congress President legislature Question 4 3 / 3 pts (TCO 5) What is the effect of divided government, such as that used in the United States, on spending and policy formation? It encourages unhealthy spending and foolish policies. It holds down spending and foolish policies. It encourages irresponsible spending because representatives are held accountable for only a short amount of time. It encourages responsible spending, but is slow to implement policy. Question 5 3 / 3 pts (TCO 5) The head of ministry is equivalent to the _____ in the United States. chief of government head of state departmental secretary premier Question 6 3 / 3 pts (TCO 5) Distinguish the process that a parliamentary system uses to oust a chief executive from the one available in the U.S. presidential system. Parliamentary systems rely on impeachment and presidential ones rely on constructive no confidence. Parliamentary systems use constructive no confidence and presidential systems have the option of impeachment. The prime minister can dissolve parliament and the president can resign from office. Parliamentary systems can hold a vote of no confidence and presidential ones have the option of impeachment. Question 7 3 / 3 pts (TCO 4) Distinguish between primitive and modern judicial systems. Primitive legal systems rely largely on labyrinthine written and codified laws, and modern systems rely on oral rhetoric. Modern legal systems utilize recent advances in technology, and primitive legal systems must do without such amenities. Modern legal systems better ensure the rights of citizens, and primitive systems function on superstition and disbelief. Primitive legal systems are oral and consist of customs and beliefs, and modern systems are written and largely codified. Question 8 3 / 3 pts (TCO 4) What is the U.S. Supreme Court ruling regarding state obligation to international treaties? States maintain the right to select which treaties they will observe. States have no obligation to observe international treaties. States must observe international treaties ratified by the United States. States must observe international treaties ratified by state legislatures. Question 9 3 / 3 pts (TCO 4) Who nominates and approves federal judges in the U.S. court system? The president and the Senate The Senate and the House The President and speaker of the House The Senate and the secretary of state Question 10 3 / 3 pts (TCO 4) Describe the significance of Marbury v. Madison. The ruling laid precedent for judicial review. The ruling stated that the president is subject to the court’s decisions. The ruling decreed that current administrations must honor the appointments of previous administrations. The ruling claimed that federal taxes could not be levied on the states.

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