1

Annotated bibliography

Name

Professor

Institution

Course

Date

2

Ying, W. (2018). Research on the Adaptability of Building Materials Application in Exterior

Exterior Design of Buildings. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental

Science, 189, 032009. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/189/3/032009

The article explores building outdoor structures; the research of Wu Ying focuses on

the flexibility of building materials. Advances in building technology have risen in line with

the growing need for better-quality building materials. To maintain the benefits of the grand

design of building materials and ensure that their design level is progressively enhanced to

enhance the exterior design of buildings, a focus on the adaptability research of building

materials application is needed. Building materials can be used in various ways; they can

enhance the appearance of modern building engineering, increase project value, and increase

building field production efficiency by examining their adaptability to the external design

shape of a building (Ying, 2018).

The relevance of the resource explains how building materials are adapted to creating

an exterior of a building and help increase the production efficiency of the building field.

Perez, G., & Perini, K. (2018). Nature-Based Strategies for Urban and Building

Sustainability. In Google Books. Butterworth-Heinemann. https://books.google.co.ke/

books?

id=_wIxDwAAQBAJ&dq=nature+and+sustainability+of+a+building&hl=en&sa=X&

ved=2ahUKEwjrhdKOmZ_2AhVPUxoKHeBJDsUQ6AF6BAgKEAI

The article by Perez and Perini analyses the current state of the art on nature-based

urban and building sustainability strategies, discussed in detail. In the introduction, the

editors cover essential principles of natural components in the built environment and a

strategy for their use in buildings and cities. Part One discusses urban ecosystems and

3

ecosystem services. In contrast, Part Two focuses on tactics and technology, such as vertical

greening systems, green roofs, and green streets, to improve the urban environment. Aspects

such as improved energy efficiency, air quality, acoustics, water management, and

biodiversity are addressed in Part Three, including data on the project's quantitative

outcomes. Describes the many ways to incorporate nature into the built world. Systems and

approaches for incorporating nature into buildings are presented in this article—the most up-

to-date information on operations and ecosystem services research. This collection includes

new and established designs and those currently in the testing phase (Perez & Perini, 2018).

The article is essential because It enables a great understanding of the strategies used

by Leoh Ming to integrate the city environment with the building. However, the book has no

reviews yet; the authors are researchers with Ph.D. degrees and have experience in their field

of work. This makes the source to be reliable and trustworthy.

Puspitasari, A. W., & Kwon, J. (2020). A reliable method for visibility analysis of tall

buildings and skyline: a case study of tall buildings cluster in Jakarta. Journal of

Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 1–12. https://doi.org/

10.1080/13467581.2020.1787839

High-rise and skyline visibility analysis is the subject of this essay. Decisions

concerning the skylines of modern cities, dominated by skyscrapers, must take visibility into

account. Using a targeted isovist is the cornerstone of the visibility approach, which refers to

the visible portion of a tall structure's target area. Analysis of tall tower clusters visible from

adjacent streets and the effect they have on the city's skyline is presented in this article, which

uses Jakarta as an opportunity to illustrate how this approach may be applied to other cities.

To replicate the modeling techniques in the background, Grasshopper was utilized to create

4

the algorithm for visualizing the content. To illustrate the results, a color section is used to

depict the fraction of viewable viewpoints and the visible space of a structure's front, both of

which are essential metrics. According to the results, building height combinations, structure

placement, building-to-street relationships, and perspective distances all had a substantial

influence on the rate of visibility. Because of how well they can be seen, tall building cluster

visibility affects its skyline. The techniques provided here for analyzing visibility are

essential for the design and construction of tall buildings in a distributed organization and, as

a result, for predicting how future cities' skylines will look(Puspitasari & Kwon, 2020).

The significance of the article will enable me to understand the position of

structures, the relationship between the buildings and the street, the distances between

different perspectives what significant impact they play on the rate of visibility.

Abdelhameed, W., & Saputra, W. (2020). Integration of building service systems in

architectural design. Journal of Information Technology in Construction, 25, 109–

122. https://doi.org/10.36680/j.itcon.2020.007

It examines the importance of structure service systems (BSS) and how they're being

considered at the earliest phases of architectural design. If these technologies are included in

the structure's design rather than after being built, it will save money and time. The late

inclusion of BSS may have a detrimental impact on both the structure's exterior and inside.

Since it may enhance design outcomes while also identifying and eliminating service system

incompatibilities and conflicts. BSS integration is becoming more common in the

construction sector, notably plumbing systems and the design itself, and between the design

and the design, all benefit from 3D digital modeling. 3D digital modeling is critical in

spotting possible conflicts. All service systems are coordinated using various methods studied

in the literature. Additional data from the construction industry is also being collected and

5

evaluated to offer a more objective perspective. BSS are integrated into the architectural

design throughout the conceptual phases of the design process, using a variety of regional

construction projects and research on the construction industry as examples(Abdelhameed &

Saputra, 2020).

The article is relevant since it explores how to improve design results while also

detecting and avoiding service system incompatibilities and conflicts.

Bradecki, T., & Uherek-Bradecka, B. (2017). Work Models in the Design Process for House

Interior and Exterior: Physical or Virtual? IOP Conference Series: Materials Science

and Engineering, 245, 052033. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/245/5/052033

The results of a study into several kinds of single-family and multifamily housing

models are presented in this article. The outside layout and internal functional arrangement

heavily influence the design outcome. Models are essential tools for architects to use while

showcasing their work and educating the public about their concepts. Even though 3D

models may depict anything, specific individuals still cannot grasp the concept of the planned

place. The researchers' goal is to find a way to stimulate both the inside and outside of a

vehicle in a single model. In the article, a variety of home models are shown. We used a

combination of actual models, 3D models, and hand drawings to create each of the case

studies we've done.

The resource's importance with the models was to get a clear picture of how planned

future homes would feel in terms of openness. According to the study's findings, synthetic

models may aid in the design process.

6

The URBAN model research group, which includes academic researchers and

architects, researches relevance. The authors gained a plethora of architectural expertise via

theoretical models, building projects, and construction site monitoring. The following

information may be of interest to builders, designers, interior designers, and academics in

architecture. (Bradecki & Uherek-Bradecka, 2017).

7

Reference

Ying, W. (2018). Research on the Adaptability of Building Materials Application in Exterior

Exterior Design of Buildings. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental

Science, 189, 032009. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/189/3/032009

Perez, G., & Perini, K. (2018). Nature-Based Strategies for Urban and Building

Sustainability. In Google Books. Butterworth-Heinemann. https://books.google.co.ke/

books?

id=_wIxDwAAQBAJ&dq=nature+and+sustainability+of+a+building&hl=en&sa=X&

ved=2ahUKEwjrhdKOmZ_2AhVPUxoKHeBJDsUQ6AF6BAgKEAI

Puspitasari, A. W., & Kwon, J. (2020). A reliable method for visibility analysis of tall

buildings and skyline: a case study of tall buildings cluster in Jakarta. Journal of

Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 1–12. https://doi.org/

10.1080/13467581.2020.1787839

Abdelhameed, W., & Saputra, W. (2020). Integration of building service systems in

architectural design. Journal of Information Technology in Construction, 25, 109–

122. https://doi.org/10.36680/j.itcon.2020.007

Bradecki, T., & Uherek-Bradecka, B. (2017). Work Models in the Design Process for House

Interior and Exterior: Physical or Virtual? IOP Conference Series: Materials Science

and Engineering, 245, 052033. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/245/5/052033

1

Dallas City Hall

Name

Professor

Institution

Course

Date

2

One of the buildings that I chose from Leoh Ming's architect works is the Dallas City

building located in Dallas, USA. I have chosen the building due to its unique structure and its

intention to serve as the administrative centre for Dallas' municipal administration. However,

the structure slopes at a 34-degree inclination, each of the building's seven above-grade levels

are 9.5-feet wider from the one below it. This sloping façade interacts only with buildings on

either side that face downtown and offers shelter from the elements and the Texas sun.

Although the foundation and basement levels are far more extensive than the visible

footprint of the building, they are hidden behind the sloping façade and extend well beyond

it. Two hundred thirty feet in width, the cantilevered roof spans 200 feet (61 meters), the

ground level is 126 feet in width, and the basement is 230 feet. Three cylindrical pillars that

seem to prop up the structure were constructed due to the Mayor's reaction to the apparent

upper of the building's form. In addition to providing cosmetic support, these pillars do not

carry the structure's weight. The design and construction of the structure and the Park Plaza

and the garage came to more than $70 million in total.

When designing City Hall, Pei employed cast-in-place concrete structures for the

interior and outside of the building and the building and park itself. Each story is

approximately nine feet larger than that below it, with the building tilting outward at a 34-

degree angle. The symbolic logic and functional logic are both present in the 560-foot-long

from. The building has utilized the following principles in the construction: attraction and

engagement, visibility, nature and sustainability, public transportation as well as integration.

Wu Ying's scholarly work focuses on the adaptability of construction materials in

exterior building design. To enhance the building's exterior, adaptation research in the usage

of construction materials must be prioritized. This Research examines building materials'

3

flexibility in external design form to increase current building engineering look, project

value, and building field production efficiency. The article will help me understand more

about the Dallas City building (Ying, 2018).

The scholarly book by Perez and Perini covers nature-Based Approaches to Urban

and Residential Sustainability. Discusses the basic principles of natural components in the

building design and the tactics required to incorporate them into buildings and towns. The

three parts explore the quantifiable advantages, outcomes, concerns and challenges of

integrating nature into our constructed environment (Perez & Perini, 2018).

The scholarly article by (Puspitasari & Kwon, 2020) analyses the skyline and tall

buildings' visibility using a dependable approach. According to the Research, towering

building clusters may be studied by looking at all unimpeded views from adjacent streets and

their effect on the skyline using Jakarta as an example.

The article by (Abdelhameed & Saputra, 2020) describes how the architectural design

incorporates building services. Specifically, the study examines the relevance of building

service systems (BSS) and how they should be considered throughout the early architectural

design stages. These systems should be included in the building from the early design stages

to save money and avoid costly and time-consuming adjustments.

4

References

Abdelhameed, W., & Saputra, W. (2020). Integration of building service systems in

architectural design. Journal of Information Technology in Construction, 25, 109–

122. https://doi.org/10.36680/j.itcon.2020.007

Perez, G., & Perini, K. (2018). Nature-Based Strategies for Urban and Building

Sustainability. In Google Books. Butterworth-Heinemann. https://books.google.co.ke/

books?

id=_wIxDwAAQBAJ&dq=nature+and+sustainability+of+a+building&hl=en&sa=X&

ved=2ahUKEwjrhdKOmZ_2AhVPUxoKHeBJDsUQ6AF6BAgKEAI

Puspitasari, A. W., & Kwon, J. (2020). A reliable method for visibility analysis of tall

buildings and skyline: a case study of tall buildings cluster in Jakarta. Journal of

Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 1–12. https://doi.org/

10.1080/13467581.2020.1787839

Ying, W. (2018). Research on the Adaptability of Building Materials Application in Exterior

Exterior Design of Buildings. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental

Science, 189, 032009. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/189/3/032009

1

Dallas City Hall

Name

Professor

Institution

Course

Date

2

One of the buildings that I chose from Leoh Ming's architect works is the Dallas City

building located in Dallas, USA. I have chosen the building due to its unique structure and

intention to serve as the administrative center for Dallas' municipal administration. However,

the structure slopes at a 34-degree inclination, each of the building's seven above-grade levels

are 9.5-feet wider from the one below it. This sloping façade interacts only with buildings on

either side facing downtown and offers shelter from the elements and the Texas sun. Dallas

City Hall has an extensive façade, concrete structures, and adaptability of construction

materials which are well designed according to the articles the paper presents.

Although the foundation and basement levels are far more extensive than the visible

footprint of the building, they are hidden behind the sloping façade and extend well beyond

it. Two hundred thirty feet in width, the cantilevered roof spans 200 feet (61 meters), the

ground level is 126 feet in width, and the basement is 230 feet. According to the article by

Dallas City Hall, the building façade is inseparable from the park in front of it(Dallas City

Hall, n.d.). Three cylindrical pillars that seem to prop up the structure were constructed due

to the Mayor's reaction to the apparent upper of the building's form. In addition to providing

cosmetic support, these pillars do not carry the structure's weight. The design and

construction of the structure and the Park Plaza and the garage came to more than $70 million

in total.

When designing City Hall, Pei employed cast-in-place concrete structures for the

interior and outside of the building and the building and park itself. Each story is

approximately nine feet larger than that below it, with the building tilting outward at a 34-

degree angle. The symbolic logic and functional logic are both present in the 560-foot-long

from. The building has utilized the following principles in the construction: attraction and

3

engagement, visibility, nature and sustainability, public transportation as well as integration

(Sustainable Construction: Methods and Benefits, 2020). A concrete frame in a building

project consists of columns as well as a mix of technologies that form the structural skeleton

of a structure. This grid of columns and beams is often erected on a concrete slab and serves

to hold the structure's floors, walls, and cladding, among other things.

Wu Ying's study focuses on the adaptability of building materials in the construction

of outdoor buildings. To enhance the building's exterior, adaptation research in the usage of

construction materials must be prioritized. This Research examines building materials'

flexibility in external design form to increase current building engineering look, project

value, and building field production efficiency(Ying, 2018). Compared to other articles, this

article will help me understand more about the Dallas City building. The peer-review

approach is used to maintain academic study quality by having an author's academic

publication, study, or ideas reviewed by professionals in the same field.

The main argument of Perez and Perini is nature-Based Approaches to Urban and

Residential Sustainability. They discuss the basic principles of natural components in

building design and the tactics required to incorporate them into buildings and towns. The

three parts explore the quantifiable advantages, outcomes, concerns, and challenges of

integrating nature into our constructed environment (Perez & Perini, 2018). In comparison

with other articles, this article will help me understand the strategies used by Leoh Ming to

integrate the city environment with the building. However, the book has no reviews yet; the

authors are researchers with Ph.D. degrees and have experience in their field of work. This

makes the source to be reliable and trustworthy.

4

The main argument of (Puspitasari & Kwon, 2020) analyses the skyline and tall

buildings' visibility using a dependable approach. According to the Research, towering

building clusters may be studied by looking at all unimpeded views from adjacent streets and

their effect on the skyline using Jakarta as an example. In comparison with other articles, the

article will enable me to understand the visibility of Dallas City Hall and the methods used by

Leoh Ming to ensure the visibility of the building. The article is a peer-reviewed article that

researchers have checked and ensured the quality.

The article's main argument by (Abdelhameed & Saputra, 2020) describes how the

architectural design incorporates building services. Specifically, the study examines the

relevance of building service systems (BSS) and how they should be considered throughout

the early architectural design stages. These systems should be included in the building from

the early design stages to save money and avoid costly and time-consuming adjustments. In

comparison with other articles, the article explains how rooms are integrated to form one

building. The article will help me in understanding how Leoh Ming was integrated into one

building. The study has certainly been peer-reviewed to retain academic scientific quality. It

puts an author's scholarly piece or ideas to evaluation by specialists in the same area. 


5

References

Abdelhameed, W., & Saputra, W. (2020). Integration of building service systems in

architectural design. Journal of Information Technology in Construction, 25, 109–

122. https://doi.org/10.36680/j.itcon.2020.007

Perez, G., & Perini, K. (2018). Nature-Based Strategies for Urban and Building

Sustainability. In Google Books. Butterworth-Heinemann. https://books.google.co.ke/

books?

id=_wIxDwAAQBAJ&dq=nature+and+sustainability+of+a+building&hl=en&sa=X&

ved=2ahUKEwjrhdKOmZ_2AhVPUxoKHeBJDsUQ6AF6BAgKEAI

Puspitasari, A. W., & Kwon, J. (2020). A reliable method for visibility analysis of tall

buildings and skyline: a case study of tall buildings cluster in Jakarta. Journal of

Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 1–12. https://doi.org/

10.1080/13467581.2020.1787839

Ying, W. (2018). Research on the Adaptability of Building Materials Application in Exterior

Exterior Design of Buildings. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental

Science, 189, 032009. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/189/3/032009

Dallas City Hall. (n.d.). Www.pcf-P.com. Retrieved March 3, 2022, from https://www.pcf-

p.com/projects/dallas-city-hall/

Sustainable Construction: Methods and Benefits | BigRentz. (2020, February 4).

Www.bigrentz.com. https://www.bigrentz.com/blog/sustainable-construction

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