RELATED POLICING FRAMEWORKS

• The starting point for most policing paradigms is the standard model of policing; reactive, investigative policing based around random patrol and rapid response.

a. Community policing

• CP defies definition, and as such is probably impossible to evaluate.

• Predominant aim is to increase police legitimacy in the eyes of the public.

• The main outcome is a satisfied public.

b. Problem‐oriented policing

• POP is much closer in philosophy to intelligence‐led policing than CP.

• More flexible in terms of who conducts POP, and is more outcome oriented than output oriented.

• Does not exclude enforcement as a possible solution to a problem, but generally seeks longer‐term problem resolution.

c. Compstat

• A marriage of crime mapping, managerial accountability and allied operational strategies.

• Often has a street crime focus.

• The managerial change component is often ignored by police departments, yet this is both vital and challenging for Compstat to succeed.

CONCEPTUAL CONFUSION

• It is common for people to confuse the origins of intelligence‐led policing as coming from the preceding paradigms.

• The process of tying intelligence‐led policing to earlier frameworks for policing can confuse officers who try to adapt their existing model of policing to intelligence‐led policing. This is often unsuccessful.

INTELLIGENCE‐LED POLICING DEFINED

a. Original tenets

• Original tenets from Kent Police and Sir David Phillips.

• Target prolific offenders, triage out the unsolvable crime, more strategic use of informants, incorporate intel into decision‐making.

b. Revising the original model

• A revisionist model of intelligence‐led policing has drawn it closer to POP, especially with some components of the NIM.

• Intelligence‐led policing has become a business model, as operationalized through the NIM.

c. Intelligence‐led policing components

• Intelligence‐led policing is a management philosophy/business model…

• aims to achieve crime reduction and prevention and to disrupt offender activity;

• employs a top‐down management approach;

• combines crime analysis and criminal intelligence into crime intelligence;

• uses crime intelligence to objectively direct police resource decisions;

• focuses enforcement activities on prolific and serious offenders.

SUMMARY

• Definition: Intelligence‐led policing is a business model and managerial philosophy where data analysis and crime intelligence are pivotal to an objective, decision‐making framework that facilitates crime and problem reduction, disruption and prevention through both strategic management and effective enforcement strategies that target prolific and seriousoffenders.