31 Jan 20. Basalt, formed from magma,

Question
Question 1 .

1. Which of the following represents units of geologic time in increasing order?

A. Eon, era, period, epoch

B. Epoch, period, era, eon

C. Era, eon, period, epoch

D. Epoch, period, eon, era

Question 2 .

2. Which of the following is not a type of fault?

A. Abnormal

B. Strike-slip

C. Normal

D. Reverse

Question 3 .

3. The most abundant type of rocks on Earth are classified as

A. slate.

B. igneous.

C. metamorphic.

D. sedimentary.

Question 4 .

4. Which of the following is not a type of plate boundary?

A. Convergent

B. Transform

C. Divergent

D. Tectonic

Question 5 .

5. Magma’s thickness and viscosity are affected by differences in the amount of

A. rhyolite.

B. andesite.

C. silica.

D. basalt.

Question 6 .

6. The largest mass extinction in Earth’s history occurred at the end of which era?

A. Paleozoic

B. Mesozoic

C. Permian

D. Triassic

Question 7 .

7. Which of the following statements about fossils is false?

A. An organism is more likely to form a fossil if it is buried quickly after death.

B. All organisms are equally likely to form fossils.

C. An organism is more likely to form a fossil if it has bones or a shell.

D. An organism that decays entirely is not likely to form a fossil.

Question 8 .

8. Which type of seismic wave generally causes the most damage?

A. Secondary wave

B. Primary wave

C. Shock wave

D. Surface wave

Question 9 .

9. Mammals first appeared during the _______ era.

A. Cenozoic

B. Paleozoic

C. Phanerozoic

D. Mesozoic

Question 10 .

10. _______ are an especially good indicator of climate change because scientists can find clues about ancient organisms and their environments.

A. Plant fossils

B. Trilobite fossils

C. Trace fossils

D. Mineral replacements

Question 11 .

11. Which of the following statements about earthquakes is false?

A. The deepest earthquakes occur along convergent plate boundaries.

B. The epicenter of an earthquake is located on Earth’s surface directly above the focus.

C. Earthquakes cannot occur along transform plate boundaries.

D. When rocks move in any direction along a fault, an earthquake occurs.

Question 12 .

12. The scientifically accepted age of Earth is

A. 4.03 billion years.

B. 4.54 billion years.

C. 4.28 billion years.

D. 4 billion years.

Question 13 .

13. Radiocarbon dating is useful for estimating the _______ of a material.

A. weight

B. energy

C. radiation levels

D. age

Question 14 .

14. The process of uplift is associated with

A. mountain building.

B. erosion.

C. sedimentation.

D. formation of rivers.

Question 15 .

15. The theory of plate tectonics explains all of the following except

A. weathering.

B. earthquakes.

C. volcanoes.

D. continental movement.

Question 16 .

16. Which of the following is a correct principle of relative-age dating?”

A. Sediments are deposited in lateral sheets, but their orders often change.

B. In undisturbed rock layers, the youngest rocks are on the bottom.

C. If one rock contains pieces of another, the rock containing the pieces is older than the pieces.

D. Rock-forming materials are deposited in horizontal layers, though they may be tilted later.

Question 17 .

17. Which of the following is not a possible cause of mass extinction?

A. Temperature reduction

B. Geographic isolation

C. Failure to evolve

D. Meteorite impact

Question 18 .

18. How much greater is the shaking produced by a magnitude 8 earthquake than a magnitude 5 earthquake using the Richter Scale?

A. 10,000 times greater

B. 100 times greater

C. 1,000 times greater

D. 3,000 times greater

Question 19 .

19. The process by which sediment becomes rock is called

A. foliation.

B. striation.

C. deposition.

D. lithification.

Question 20 .

20. Basalt, formed from magma, contains iron-rich minerals. Why is this important?

A. Iron is magnetic and records the orientation and direction of Earth’s magnetic field.

B. Iron is magnetic and it triggers the reversal of Earth’s magnetic field.

C. Iron is rich in nutrients and makes the soil easily identifiable.

D. Iron is one of most abundant elements and can be found on every continent.