Compare it to a change

30 Dec Compare it to a change

Posted at 08:23h in Business, Communications by past papers

SITUATIONAL LEADERSHIP STYLES, ARISTOTLE AND LEADERSHIP, AND LEADERSHIP VS. MANAGEMENT

Background

One of the more contemporary styles of leadership is “situational leadership.” In this assignment, you will choose a CEO from a top company and analyze his/her leadership style through the lens of situational leadership.

Required Reading

Fortune Magazines “100 Best Companies to Work For 2016”: http://fortune.com/best-companies/

Case Assignment

Drawing on the material in the background readings and doing additional research, prepare a 5- to 6-page paper (not including the cover and reference pages).

Using the framework of Situational Leadership, analyze the leadership style of a contemporary CEO from one of the top 10 companies listed in Fortune Magazine’s Best Companies to Work for in 2016.

Keys to the Assignment

Go to Fortune Magazines Top 100 Companies to Work For 2016 and choose a company from the Top 10.

Research the company, then answer the following questions.

Which of the situational leadership styles exemplifies this company?

What is the added value of this leadership style?

What impact does this leadership style have on the organization’s overall image?

Contrast this leadership style with Express Scripts, named the worst company in America to work for by glassdoor.com.

Based on your experiences and research, what kind of leadership style is needed to promote efficiency in an organization? What contingencies affect this outcome? Justify your response.

These are not the only things that must be covered, but just the minimum. You are encouraged to go deeper with the assignment and use your critical thinking skills to ascertain what other areas are important in making a company one of the top ones in which to work.

Assignment Expectations

Your paper will be evaluated using the following five criteria:

Assignment-Driven Criteria (Precision and Breadth): Does the paper fully address all Keys to the Assignment? Are the concepts behind the Keys to the Assignment addressed accurately and precisely using sound logic? Does the paper meet minimum length requirements?

Critical Thinking (Critical Thinking and Depth): Does the paper demonstrate graduate-level analysis, in which information derived from multiple sources, expert opinions, and assumptions has been critically evaluated and synthesized in the formulation of a logical set of conclusions? Does the paper address the topic with sufficient depth of discussion and analysis?

Business Writing (Clarity and Organization): Is the paper well written (clear, developed logically, and well organized)? Are the grammar, spelling, and vocabulary appropriate for graduate-level work? Are section headings included in all papers? Are paraphrasing and synthesis of concepts the primary means of responding to the Keys to the Assignment, or is justification/support instead conveyed through excessive use of direct quotations?

Effective Use of Information (Information Literacy and References): Does the paper demonstrate that the student has read, understood, and can apply the background materials for the module? If required, has the student demonstrated effective research, as evidenced by the student’s use of relevant and quality sources? Do additional sources used in the paper provide strong support for conclusions drawn, and do they help in shaping the overall paper?

Citing Sources: Does the student demonstrate understanding of APA Style of referencing by inclusion of proper end references and in-text citations (for paraphrased text and direct quotations) as appropriate? Have all sources (e.g., references used from the Background page, the assignment readings, and outside research) been included, and are these properly cited? Have all end references been included within the body of the paper as in-text citations?

Tips and Suggestions

Please note the following tips and suggestions:

Include a cover page and reference page, in addition to the 5-6 pages of analysis described above.

Include headings for all papers greater than 2 pages (basically all papers).

Cite and reference all sources that you use in your work, including those that you paraphrase, but do not quote. This means include citations and quotation marks for direct quotes of more than 5 words, and citations for that information which you have “borrowed” or paraphrased from other sources.

Follow the TUI Guidelines for well-written papers.

Submit your analysis by the end of this module.

Module 1 – SLP

SITUATIONAL LEADERSHIP STYLES, ARISTOTLE AND LEADERSHIP, AND LEADERSHIP VS. MANAGEMENT

The purpose of the Session Long Project in Trident University International classes is to give you the opportunity to explore the applicability of the Module to your own life and work, and to see how the otherwise academically rigorous presentation of a topic may, with more or less work and/or trauma, become “up close and personal”. This is done in a number of different ways — sometimes cumulative papers, sometimes practical hands-on experimentation with a tool of some sort, sometimes reflections on a place of work or life. The common thread is personal application, aimed at demonstrating a cumulative knowledge and understanding of the course’s material.

In each module, you will complete an assessment and/or situation diagnostics focusing on some aspect of leadership. You will then be asked to create a plan by which you can “grow” your strengths and develop your weaknesses. By the end of the course and the project, you will have a better understanding of strategic leadership and how to use leadership to influence followers.

Background

Martin Luther King was one of the great orators of the 20th century, and his style has been used as a model for many, including President Barack Obama. In this SLP assignment, you will analyze MLK’s style and compare it to your own.

Required Reading

Please read Martin Luther King’s letter from Birmingham Jail at:http://www.bu.edu/irsd/Ec326_2004/material_2004/Letter%20from%20Birmingham%20Jail.htm

Session Long Project

Then, drawing on the material in the background readings and doing additional research, write a 2- to 3-page paper in which you:

Analyze the leadership and oratory styles of Martin Luther King, Jr. through the lens of ethos, logos, and pathos, and compare his styles to your own. What could you do to strengthen your own skills at influence and persuasion?

Keys to the Assignment

The key aspects of this assignment that, at a minimum, should be covered in your paper include:

Examples of how Martin Luther King used ethos, logos, and pathos in his powerful and highly influential letter.

How do you/can you incorporate what you have learned about ethos, logos, and pathos into your own leadership activities to increase your influence as a leader?

SLP Assignment Expectations

Your paper will be evaluated using the following five criteria:

Tips and Suggestions

Please note the following tips and suggestions:

Include a cover page and reference page, in addition to the 2-3 pages of analysis described above.

Include headings for all papers greater than 2 pages (basically all papers), but do not use headings as “space fillers.”

You are expected to deal with these issues in an integrated fashion, rather than treating them as a series of individual questions to be answered one by one and left at that.

You should synthesize information and present a concise and meaningful paper.

Cite and reference all sources that you use in your work, including those that you paraphrase but do not quote. This means include citations and quotation marks for direct quotes of more than 5 words, and citations for that information which you have “borrowed” or paraphrased from other sources.

Follow the TUI Guidelines for well-written papers.

Upload your assignment by the end of this module.

Module 2 – Case

SERVANT LEADERSHIP, LEADERSHIP COMMUNICATION, AND ORGANIZATIONS AS SYSTEMS

Background

In the movie Peaceful Warrior, the character “Socrates” (as played by Nick Nolte) says, “There’s no greater purpose than service to others.” This is the premise upon which servant leadership is based. However, in today’s economy, we see many leaders who are motivated by money, power, and prestige, but not by serving others.

Our forefathers, the first Presidents of the United States, were not motivated by money or the like, but out of a deep service to the establishment of this country. This SLP will examine their leadership styles through the lens of the servant leader.

Required Reading

Refer to the Background readings for this module.

Case Assignment

Select one out of the first ten Presidents of the USA (George Washington, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, John Quincy Adams, Andrew Jackson, Martin Van Buren, William Henry Harrison, or John Tyler) who you consider to be an outstanding example of a servant leader. Then, prepare a 5- to 6-page paper (not including the cover and reference pages) in which you Analyze the leadership style of your selected President in terms of the Servant Leadership model, and critically comment on whether this approach would be effective in today’s world.

Keys to the Assignment

The key aspects of this assignment that should be covered in your paper include:

Conduct independent research on this individual and create a profile of this leader.

What makes this person a servant leader? Support your answer with examples.

Discuss the added value of a servant leader based upon your leader’s profile.

Fast forward to today.

Do you think servant leaders are needed in all organizations?

What would an organization full of servant leaders be like? Justify your response.

What are the significant contingencies that would lean in favor or against servant leadership?

Assignment Expectations

Your paper will be evaluated using the following five criteria:

Tips and Suggestions

Please note the following tips and suggestions:

Include a cover page and reference page, in addition to the 5-6 pages of analysis described above.

Include headings for all papers greater than 2 pages (basically all papers).

Follow the TUI Guidelines for well-written papers.

Submit your analysis by the end of this module.

Module 2 – SLP

SERVANT LEADERSHIP, LEADERSHIP COMMUNICATION, AND ORGANIZATIONS AS SYSTEMS

Background

In today’s business world, we rely on leaders to make persuasive arguments to motivate employees and “get the job done.” This requires both written and oral skills.

In Module 1 SLP, we examined the use of ethos, logos, and pathos in influence. In this SLP, you will apply these principles to make your own argument as if you were a supervisor in your Fortune 10 company.

Required Reading

Refer to the required and optional readings on effective communication messages and methods, as well as the readings from Module 1 on ethos, logos, and pathos.

Session Long Project

Using what you have learned in this module and module 1 about effective communication, develop a slide deck (minimum of 8 slides) with voice narration in which you introduce a new organizational policy at your company.

Keys to the Assignment

The key aspects of this assignment that, at a mimimum, should be covered in your presentation include:

Your presentation should consist of at least 8 slides explaining the implementation of a new organizational policy (e.g., no cell phones on the job) and an audio recording of your presentation (no more than 5 minutes long) where you (a dedicated leader) communicate the benefits and implications of your policy. The goal is to be able to influence (e.g., ethos, logos, pathos) your followers/audience to embrace this organizational change.

Once you have completed the PowerPoint presentation, you will use “Record Narration” to record your presentation using a microphone. You will submit the PowerPoint presentation with voiceover for a grade. (Please discuss any special issues with your instructor if you are unable to complete any portion of this assignment).

You will be particularly assessed on:

Your completion of all the steps in the exercise.

Your ability to synthesize information and present a concise and meaningful PowerPoint and audio presentation.

How well you demonstrate the principles of communication presented in this module.

The clarity and quality of your PowerPoint and audio presentations.

SLP Assignment Expectations

Your paper will be evaluated using the following five criteria:

Upload your assignment by the end of this module.

Reference

Maxwell, J.C. (2010). Everyone Communicates, Few Connect: What the Most Effective People do Differently. Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson.

Module 3 – Case

TRANSFORMATIONAL/TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP, LEADERSHIP STYLE APPROACH, GLASS CEILING

Background

We are all familiar with the concepts of transformational and transactional leadership, terms which were coined by James MacGregor Burns in his classic Leadership, which was published in 1978. In this assignment, we will analyze two leaders who typify these two types of leadership.

Required Reading

Refer to the Background readings on transformational and transactional leadership for this module.

Case Assignment

Drawing on the material in the background readings and doing additional research, please prepare a 5- to 6-page paper (not including the cover and reference pages) in which you:

Analyze the key characteristics of transformational and transactional leadership and apply them to two leaders of your choice.

Keys to the Assignment

The key aspects of this assignment that, at a mimimum, should be covered in your paper, include:

Select two leaders (from the U.S. or international) who you consider to be examples of transactional and transformational leadership.

Conduct independent research on these individuals and create a profile that addresses the following:

What makes one leader transactional and the other transformational?

What added value does each bring to their organizations?

What conditions and organizational contingencies influence whether a transactional or transformational leadership style would be most effective?

Considering your answer above, compare the effectiveness of both leaders you profiled in their given environments. Was their leadership style appropriate?

Assignment Expectations

Your paper will be evaluated using the following five criteria:

Tips and Suggestions

Please note the following tips and suggestions:

Include a cover page and reference page, in addition to the 5-6 pages of analysis described above.

Include headings for all papers greater than 2 pages (basically all papers).

Follow TUI Guidelines for well-written papers.

Submit your analysis by the end of this module.

References

Pounder, J. (2008). Transformational leadership: Practicing what we teach in the Management classroom. Journal of Education for Business, 84 (1), pp. 2-6.

Module 3 – SLP

TRANSFORMATIONAL/TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP, LEADERSHIP STYLE APPROACH, GLASS CEILING

Background

There have been many studies completed on the different styles of leadership. One of the most important ones focused on if a leader is “task focused” or “relationship focused.”

For this SLP, you will complete a short survey and then analyze your results.

Required Reading

Refer to the required and optional readings on leadership style found in the Background readings.

Session Long Project

Drawing on the material in the background readings and doing additional research, please prepare a 2- to 3-page paper that addresses the following question:

Are you a Type A or Type B leader? What strengths do you have as this kind of leader? What are the weaknesses? Give examples from your experience to illustrate.

Survey instructions

Take the following task vs. relationship leadership survey. After you have completed the survey, add up your scores for tables 1 and 2 to determine your dominant leadership style. To determine your dominant personal leadership style, circle one of the following options that best describes how you see yourself (or the person that is being evaluated) regarding each statement. For each statement, you can indicate the degree to which you (or the person being evaluated) engage(s) in the stated behavior. A rating of 1 means Never and a rating of 5 means Always with the person demonstrating the specific behavior.

Table 1 – “A” Style and Orientation

Table 2 – “B” Style and Orientation

A = Task Orientation Scores: ___

B = Relationship Orientation Scores: ___

45-50 Very high range

40-44 High range

35-39 Moderately high range

30-34 Moderately low range

25-29 Low range

10-24 Very low range

Keys to the Assignment

The key aspects of this assignment that, at a mimimum, should be covered in your presentation include:

Thoroughly analyzing the survey and its results, and how you plan on using your results to become a more influential leader.

Discussing whether you think it is more beneficial for a leader to be focused on tasks or relationships in an organization. Please provide examples to justify your response.

Applying the background readings to this point to yourself/the survey results, and explaining the survey results in terms of previous theories you have learned.

Dealing with these issues in an integrated fashion, rather than treating them as a series of individual questions to be answered one by one and left at that.

You will be particularly assessed on:

Your completion of all the steps in the exercise.

Your ability to synthesize information and present a concise and meaningful paper.

The clarity and quality of your writing.

SLP Assignment Expectations

Your paper will be evaluated using the following five criteria:

Tips and Suggestions

Please note the following tips and suggestions:

Include a cover page and reference page, in addition to the 2-3 pages of analysis described above.

Include headings for all papers greater than 2 pages (basically all papers), but do not use headings as “space fillers.”

Follow TUI Guidelines for well-written papers.

Upload your assignment by the end of this module.

Module 4 – Case

VISIONARY LEADERSHIP, CROSS-CULTURAL LEADERSHIP, FACILITATING CHANGE

Background

Leaders of today can be categorized by their various leadership styles, but all successful leaders have one thing in common: they are visionaries. For example, Presidents Bill Clinton, John Kennedy, and Ronald Reagan; high-tech giants Steve Jobs and Bill Gates; and world figures such as Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King all had visions far larger than themselves and the role they played. For example, Gandhi is single-handedly responsible for returning India to home-rule after centuries of being ruled by Great Britain. Martin Luther King is considered to be the father of the civil rights movement in the United States. Bill Gates and Steve Jobs revolutionized the technology industry with their MS-DOS and Windows software, and the iPhone, respectively.

Each of these leaders constructed a vision that was creative, clear, and concise, and that also complemented the organization’s culture and strategy. They all possessed the foresight to plan strategically for potential opportunities and threats, and once they constructed their vision, they were able to influence people, implement policies and procedures, and execute on the vision (i.e., turn that vision into action).

One key thing with visionary leaders is that they are the creative geniuses behind the vision, and nearly all of them lead by example. Which brings us to the next point: Microsoft certainly isn’t the company that it was after Bill Gates stepped down – will that same fate happen with Apple now that Steve Jobs is no longer running the company?

Required Reading

Please review The 100 most influential people according to TIME. To see the full list, click on “Full List” on the top banner, or choose from one of the selected lists such as “Pioneers”, “Titans” or “Leaders”. The 100 Most Influential People (2016). TIME. Retrieved from http://time.com/collection/2016-time-100/

Case Assignment

Select a leader from the TIME list who you consider to be an outstanding example of visionary leadership. The descriptions are short, so you may need to look at several before you find the person you want.

Conduct some additional research on this person. Then write a 5- to 6-page paper where you:

Analyze your subject leader’s style and explain why this leader is a visionary.

Keys to the Assignment

The key aspects of this assignment that, at a minimum, should be covered in your paper include:

Why do you characterize this individual as visionary? Give specific examples.

Based upon your research, analyze the added value this visionary leader brings to their organization or field.

Do you think visionary leaders are needed in every organization? Why or why not?

What business or environmental conditions particularly call for visionary leadership?

Assignment Expectations

Your paper will be evaluated using the following five criteria:

Tips and Suggestions

Please note the following tips and suggestions:

Include a cover page and reference page, in addition to the 5-6 pages of analysis described above.

Include headings for all papers greater than 2 pages (basically all papers).

Follow TUI Guidelines for well-written papers.

Submit your analysis by the end of this module.

Module 4 – SLP

VISIONARY LEADERSHIP, CROSS-CULTURAL LEADERSHIP, FACILITATING CHANGE

Background

The most well-known framework on cultural values was derived from a landmark study in the late 1960s and early 1970s by Geert Hofstede, who analyzed data from 88,000 IBM employees from 72 countries in 20 languages. His research showed that employees working in different countries tended to prioritize different values, and those values clustered into several distinct dimensions. Those dimensions began with just four categories, but have been expanded in recent years to include:

individualism-collectivism

power distance

uncertainty avoidance

masculinity-femininity

short-term vs. long-term orientation (or pragmatic vs. normative) and most recently

indulgence vs. restraint

Required Reading

Begin the SLP by reading:

Hofstede, G. (1993). Cultural constraints in management theories. Academy of Management Executive, 7(1), 81-94.

Session Long Project

First, choose a country outside of the United States. Then, drawing on the material in the background readings and doing additional research, please prepare a paper that addresses how you would adapt your leadership approach to lead a group based upon Geert Hofstede’s six dimensions if you were the CEO of a multinational organization. For example, how would you adapt your behavior if it was an individualistic or collectivist environment? Would you implement a flat structure if it was a high or low power distance policy? What leadership style would be most appropriate for that culture? Make sure to address all six of Hofstede’s dimensions. Please be creative and provide examples to justify why you would make such decisions.

Your paper should be short (2-3 pages, not including the cover sheet and references) and to the point. You are expected to deal with these issues in an integrated fashion, rather than treating them as a series of individual questions to be answered one by one and left at that.

SLP Assignment Expectations

Your paper will be evaluated using the following five criteria:

Tips and Suggestions

Please note the following tips and suggestions:

Include a cover page and reference page, in addition to the 2-3 pages of analysis described above.

Include headings for all papers greater than 2 pages (basically all papers), but do not use headings as “space fillers.”

Follow TUI Guidelines for well-written papers.

Upload your assignment by the end of this module.

Module 1 discussion

Managers vs. Leaders

By way of introduction to the Discussions (DQs), you are expected to respond to a question posed by your professor which starts the “conversation/discussion.” This is called your “initial” post. Then, you are to respond to the posts of several of your classmates. If someone responds to one of your posts, you should respond back, if appropriate, just as you would in a face-to-face discussion. The minimum interaction is two posts per week.

The expectation for your initial post is approximately 250 words – this will require you to truly think through the “who, what, where, when, why, and how” of the issue. For the response posts, you are expected to make relevant comments to others posts. No minimum word count is expected, but “I agree” is not considered to be relevant.

Use relevant examples and support your arguments with references to the readings for the module or additional resources. Bonus points will be given for including reference materials not previously given in the course (i.e., doing your own literature review).

This is the “norm” for posting in the DQs in your Trident education, so please follow the above rules for the best results during your Trident journey!

Here is the question:

In the first week, discuss what makes a good leader versus a good manager. Is there really a difference? If so, what is it?

Note: Let’s go for more than just opinion here. What does your experience tell you? The literature? Please provide some examples as well as background reference material that justify your response.

In the second week, consider whether you see yourself as leader or manager. Why did you choose this answer? Explain and relate to the literature.

Module 2 discussion

Organizations as Systems

Many researchers believe that organizations are systems. These scholars developed frameworks for understanding organizations in the open systems theory. The two basic types of organization systems are closed and open. Many (but not all) contemporary organizations are open systems that interact with their environment. A closed system does not depend on its environment and can function without the consumption of external resources. An open system must interact with the environment to survive by consuming and exporting resources to the environment. In an open and closed organization system, the people are the human resources of the organization who have specific skills and traits; the purpose of the organization is the mission, vision, and goal for existing; the plan of the organization is the strategy, competitive advantages, and objectives of the organization to innovate and produce value; and the priorities of the organization are what drive the organization to thrive or excel. Consider the following model illustrating the four P’s to understanding organizations as systems:

An open organization system functions both internally and externally. The external system has an impact on the internal system and vice versa. For example, the actions of customers (externally) affect the organization and the behavior of people (internally) at work. An example of an open system organization is a college or university that transforms students into highly skilled workers that become a part of their environment. A closed organization system does not interact with its environment and as a result is disconnected from the real world. Some examples of closed system organizations are the regional armies of the People’s Republic of China and spiritual cults (e.g., Waco). With globalization, technological advancements, and unlimited competition, organizations are more likely to become open systems and depend more on their environments.

For this discussion, address the following questions:

In week one, name an organization you consider to be an open system. Justify your answer.

In week two, name an organization that operates as a closed system and comment on whether the structure of this organization is appropriate or detrimental to the goals and purpose of that organization.

Remember the guidance from Module 1 with respect to depth and breadth of your responses, and support your answers with references from the background readings and research where appropriate.

Module 3 discussion

The Glass Ceiling Phenomenon

The glass ceiling phenomenon has been around for a long period of time, and has generally been used to discuss the lack of senior executive opportunities for women in corporations. However, according to the Federal Glass Ceiling Commission, the glass ceiling refers to “the unseen, yet unbreakable barrier that keeps minorities and women from rising to the upper rungs of the corporate ladder, regardless of their qualifications or achievements.”

In the first week of this module, research the glass ceiling phenomenon. Do you believe that the glass ceiling still exists? If so, explain what a strategic leader can do to end the glass ceiling phenomenon in his/her organization. If not, explain what has changed.

In the second week, regardless of the stance you took above, discuss some “best practices” that can be implemented in all organizations to insure that a glass ceiling does not deter the leadership opportunities for all employees (e.g., what should organizations stop doing, continue doing, or start doing?).

Remember the guidance from Module 1 with respect to depth and breadth of your responses, and relating them back to literature and research.

Module 4 discussion

Facilitating Change

According to Heraclitus, a Greek philosopher who was born in 535 B.C., “Change is the only constant.”

John Kotter (1995) stated that there are eight steps to successfully leading change. They are:

Create a sense of urgency

Create the guiding coalition

Develop a vision and strategy

Communicate the change vision

Empower employees for broad-based action

Create a series of short-term wins

Consolidate gains and produce more change

Anchor the changes in the corporate culture

Your assignment (Mr. Phelps), should you choose to accept it, is to watch the following three YouTube videos:

YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ol9zYw4Chg&feature=related

YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w3IbKbDhfKw

YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iuGjYfJ0HSY&feature=related

After watching the videos, discuss what you feel is the most effective way for a leader to implement organizational change. Go into detail in each of the phases of the change as to the appropriate leadership style to ensure success.

Compare it to a change effort that you have seen fail. What could the leader have done to ensure the change was successful?

This [course] will not self-destruct in 5 seconds, so you should remember the guidance from Module 1 with respect to depth and breadth of your responses, and relating them back to literature and research (see background page).

Kotter, J. (1995). Leading Change. Boston, MA, Harvard Business School Press.

Module 4 reflective discussion

Identify and briefly discuss two important concepts applicable to your professional discipline that you learned in this course from the readings and assignments. How do you intend to use these concepts in the future? What actions will you take in the future to improve yourself and your abilities in these two and other areas?

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30 Dec Compare it to a change

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