10 Sep Respond to two of your colleagues by sharing cultural considerations that may impact the legal or ethical issues

Respond to two of your colleagues by sharing cultural considerations that may impact the legal or ethical issues present in their articles.

1. respond

WK.2.respond

Ethical and Legal Foundations of PMHNP Care

 Adaeze

Mental health providers are required to consider the legal and ethical implications to ensure patient satisfaction and improve health outcomes. The code of ethics provides healthcare professionals with rules and guidelines for treating patients. The discussion will focus on the issue of informed consent.

Informed consent is one of the essential issues in mental health settings and focuses on emphasizing respect for persons (Lamont et al., 2019). The issue relates to autonomy because the patient must accept or refuse treatment. Additionally, informed consent involves the permission of care between the healthcare professional and the patient. However, there are differences involved in the case of informed consent when treating children or adolescents and adults.

The other article by Lamont et al. (2019) focuses on ethical considerations linked to informed consent when dealing with children and adolescents. According to the article’s most salient ethical issue, though parents are allowed to undertake informed consent and engage in decision-making when treating adolescents, in case the adolescent refuses a certain treatment, it is unethical for the healthcare professional to continue with the treatment. The article by Mathai et al. (2022), it is ethical for the adult patient to be offered the legal right to consent. However, the healthcare provider may not offer this right if the mental capacity and understanding of the patient are overwhelmed.

The salient legal issue that emerges from the article by Carnevale et al. (2021) is that adolescents and children are incompetent when making psychotherapy decisions. According to O’Shea et a. (2022), healthcare professionals have a legal mandate to uphold their patient’s autonomy and offer informed consent unless the patient shows cases of limitation of their cognitive capacity.

This information will apply to treating adults with mental capabilities limitations in my clinical practice. Also, it will be used to treat children and adolescents who do not require the clinicians to continue with certain treatments contrary to their parent’s or guardians’ views. In Ohio, psychiatric nurse practitioners should not make decisions for their patients and should offer full consent to adult patients. However, parents and guardians make decisions for children and adolescents.  

0969733016687162 (1).pdf 5af2a29d-f060-4562-9f89-17bffccf40ff.pdf  

References 

 Carnevale, F. A., Collin‐Vézina, D., Macdonald, M. E., Ménard, J. F., Talwar, V., & Van Praagh, S. (2021). Childhood ethics: An ontological advancement for childhood studies.   Children & Society,  35(1), 110-124.

Lamont, S., Stewart, C., & Chiarella, M. (2019). Capacity and consent: knowledge and practice of legal and healthcare standards.   Nursing Ethics,  26(1), 71-83.   https://doi.org/10.1177/0969733016687162

Mathai, D. S., Lee, S. M., Mora, V., O’Donnell, K. C., Garcia-Romeu, A., & Storch, E. A. (2022). Mapping consent practices for outpatient psychiatric use of ketamine.   Journal of Affective Disorders,  312, 113-121.   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.06.036

 O’Shea, D. U., Gabel, N., Aghjayan, S., Shmidheiser, M., & Divers, R. (2022). Guiding Principles and Common Pitfalls of Capacity Assessment.   A Casebook of Mental Capacity in US Legislation, 24-37.

2.Respond

Ethical and Legal Foundations of PMHNP Care

 Darrin

As it pertains to a patient’s health, each individual has the right to make their own decisions of medical treatment. This relates to the patient choosing doctors, treatment, and etc. in which they choose to receive care. This is what one can call patient “autonomy”. Patient “autonomy” is an essential word in healthcare that everyone in each state in American is required to have; it’s the medical law. It’s important because it empowers patients to feel in control and self-assured in the ability to make educated health decisions and choices of the right doctors that they believe that is best for themselves. Having patient autonomy leads to positive health outcomes, however, it is different for children and adults from legal and ethical views which also may vary from state to state.