06 Dec 918 vol 29 no 12 december 2016

918 vol 29 no 12 december 2016

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The global gender gap across health, education, economic opportunity and politics has closed by only 4 per cent in the past 10 years, with the economic gap closing by just 3 per cent, suggesting it will take another 118 years to close this gap completely. (World Economic Forum, Global Gender Gap Report 2015)

Despite continued efforts, the under-representation of women in manykey areas of global power and influence is evident. This is, of course, not a new issue. Earlier versions of gender gaps associated them with women’s biological, social and intellectual inferiority (as an 18th-century given) or with women’s ‘natural’ roles as carers, mothers, ‘womanly companions of men’ (as in the 19th-century ‘complementarity’ agenda). ‘Blame the brain’ was the mantra underpinning these essentialist justifications of the status quo – the biologically determined differences between men’s and women’s brains were viewed as the cause of these imbalances, and, most significantly, these differences were seen as ‘hard wired’, fixed and unchangeable.

A key breakthrough in our knowledge of the brain in this century, fuelle