28 Dec An enzyme acts to

BIOS251 Anatomy & Physiology I with Lab

Week 1 Chapter 2 Assessment

In terms of percentage of body mass, what is the most abundant chemical element in the body?

Carbon

Hydrogen

Oxygen

Calcium

Phosphorus

Which of the following elements is a trace mineral in the body?

Carbon

Hydrogen

Calcium

Iodine

Oxygen

Each element has a unique identifying number called the atomic number. Which of the following subatomic particles is(are) represented by the atomic number?

Protons

Neutrons

Electrons

Both protons and neutrons

Both neutrons and electrons

An atom whose valence electrons conform to the octet rule is:

more likely to form covalent bonds

more likely to form ionic bonds

more likely to form hydrogen bonds

more likely to become a free radical

less likely to form any bond with another atom

What type of chemical bond commonly forms between adjacent water molecules?

molecular bonds

polar ionic bonds

covalent bonds

hydrogen bonds

polar covalent bonds

In order to use polysaccharides as an energy source, one must

assemble them into chains of 12 to 24 branches

add negative charges to make them water soluble

attach a water molecule to each branch

break them down to monosaccharides

Triglycerides that are solid at room temperature are considered to be _____ .

phospholipids

oils

lipoproteins

fats

Weak acid and weak bases that can add or remove protons (H+) to fluids in the body, thereby helping to keep pH levels at homeostatic levels, are called _____.

Buffers

Hydrophobic compounds

Covalent compounds

Colloids

Suspensions

Blood is a complex body fluid. If a vial of blood is drawn for a blood test and is allowed to sit in a rack for some time, the red blood cells will settle out and drift to the bottom of the tube. This process indicates that at least as far as the blood cells are concerned, blood has the properties of what type of fluid?

ionic solution

solution with hydrogen bonds

suspension

colloidal solution

hydrophobic solution

Smaller organic molecules such as glucose or amino acids can be combined into larger macromolecules. What do we call the smaller molecules from which the macromolecules are built?

Ionic compounds

fatty acids

polymers

monomers

polar molecules

Which of the following molecules is a polymer of a smaller carbohydrate unit?

lactose

glucose

glycogen

sucrose

triacylglycerol

Proteins folded into pleated sheets or twisted into a helix(spiral) are considered to be _____ structure proteins.

primary

secondary

tertiary

quaternary

When looking at nitrogenous bases in DNA, cytosine will always pair with

guanine

uracil

adenine

thymine

The primary source for ATP is the human body is

amino acids

fatty acids

vitamins

glucose

An enzyme acts to

raise the activation energy needed to start the reaction.

lower the activation energy needed to start the reaction.

convert the activation energy into potential energy.

convert the activation energy into kinetic energy.

stop a chemical reaction.